Cov txheej txheem evolution ntawm vuam

Vuam thev naus laus zis tau tshwm sim nrog kev smelting thiab tsim cov hlau xws li tooj liab thiab hlau, nrog rau kev siv ntau qhov chaw kub. Lub ntsiab welding txoj kev nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm yog casting welding, brazing, forging welding, thiab riveting vuam. 2500 BC dhau los, cov Babylonians thiab Indus kev vam meej twb tau mus txog theem siab ntawm kub thiab txias ua ntawm tooj liab thiab hlau hlau, thiab muaj peev xwm tsim cov khoom siv hlau siv vuam txoj kev xws li forging thiab casting, thiab engraved nrog ntawv nyeem. Cov neeg sawv cev kab lis kev cai nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog kab lis kev cai Harappan.
Cov hlau edged tooj liab axes ua nyob rau hauv Shang Dynasty ntawm Tuam Tshoj yog ib tug cam khwb cia thiab welded daim hlau thiab tooj liab, nrog ib tug nto qhov chaw uas fusion kab ntawm tooj liab thiab hlau yog winding thiab zoo koom. Thaum Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav thiab Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav thiab Lub Sijhawm Warring States, muaj ntau coiled zaj ntawm lub bronze pedestal ntawm Jiangu nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntxa ntawm Marquis Yi ntawm Zeng, uas tau txuas nrog segmented brazing. Tom qab kev txheeb xyuas, cov khoom siv siv yog zoo ib yam li niaj hnub mos solder. Ntaj thiab riam ua thaum lub sij hawm Warring States lub sij hawm muaj steel hniav thiab wrought hlau nraub qaum, feem ntau forged thiab welded los ntawm cua sov. Raws li phau ntawv "Tian Gong Kai Wu" sau los ntawm Song Yingxing thaum lub sij hawm Ming Dynasty, nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thaum ub, tooj liab thiab hlau tau rhuab ua ke nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg thiab forged rau hauv riam thiab axes; Sprinkle yellow av nkos los yog finely sieved Chenjiubi av ntawm lub interface thiab weld loj nkoj anchors nyob rau hauv seem. Hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, riam phom kuj tau ua los ntawm forging thiab vuam hauv Damascus, Syria.